Together they cover both acute inflammation from training and deeper cellular stress
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1711328 Received 23 September 2025 Revised 15 December 2025 Accepted 23 December 2025 Published 21 January 2026 Volume 16 - 2025 Edited by Francesco Nicoli, University of Ferrara, Italy Reviewed by Alessia Potenza, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Italy Craig Alan Byersdorfer, University of Minnesota Medical Center, United States Updates Copyright 2026 Ertl
Induction of phase II detoxifying enzymes Many isothiocyanates are potent inducers of phase II detoxifying enzymes, including GSTs, UDP-glucuronosyl transferases (UGTs), NQO1, and glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL), that protect cells from DNA damage by carcinogens and reactive oxygen species (ROS) (25)
Most women get the recommended daily amount 2.4 micrograms (mcg) for most adults, 2.6 mcg for pregnant women, and 2.8 mcg for women who are breastfeeding in their diets
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They should have a physical address and phone number in the U.S