Some patients successfully reduce doses once they have achieved the target weight and glucose control
Many researchers find that injecting on a specific day each week, preferably a day when they can rest if side effects occur, produces the best adherence and tolerability
When evaluated in a meta-analysis, there was an overall improvement in the histopathologic components of NASH (ballooning RR 1.62 and OR 2.11, steatosis RR 2.03 and OR 3.39, and inflammation RR 1.71 and OR 2.58), with improvements in fibrosis (RR 1.38 and OR 1.68).[29], [30], [31] The major downside to the use of pioglitazone is patient and physician acceptance, given its propensity to induce weight gain (average 4.4 kg).25 It should not be used in patients with clinically evident heart failure and may promote post-menopausal bone loss.[32], [33] Given the increasing disease burden and limited efficacy and safety of current treatment options, the development of additional pharmacologic therapies to treat NASH is critical
They are medications initially developed for diabetes management but have shown significant efficacy in weight loss
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester protects kidney mitochondria against ischemia/reperfusion induced injury in an in vivo rat model
The simplest way to keep them straight is by counting receptors: semaglutide acts on one (GLP-1), tirzepatide on two (GLP-1 and GIP), and retatrutide on three (GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon)