Put simply: for every 4,500 people treated with a GLP-1 agent over five years, roughly one additional case of NAION MAY, I repeat MAY occur compared to a matched diabetic population not on the drug
Brand-Name GLP-1 Medications: Ozempic and Wegovy (semaglutide) Mounjaro and Zepbound (tirzepatide) FDA-approved with extensive clinical trial data Manufactured by pharmaceutical companies (Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly) Cost $900-$1,350 per month without insurance May be covered by insurance (with restrictions) Come in pre-filled injection pens Compounded GLP-1 Medications: Same active ingredients as brand-name versions Made by FDA-registered compounding pharmacies Cost $199-$599 per month Not typically covered by insurance Available due to ongoing medication shortages May come in vials requiring manual injection or pre-filled syringes Are Compounded GLP-1s Safe
GLP-1 receptor agonists mimic the incretin hormone GLP-1, suppressing appetite, delaying gastric emptying, and enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion
Exposure to omega-3 fatty acids at early age accelerate bone growth and improve bone quality
Intensive glycemic control and macrovascular, microvascular, hypoglycemia complications and mortality in older (age 60years) or frail adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis from randomized controlled trial and observation studies
Primarily, they act on the hypothalamus to enhance satiety, delay gastric emptying, and reduce caloric intake, leading to a preferential reduction in fat body mass (FBM)