Early signs of mild dehydration include: Thirst and dry mouth Dark yellow or amber-colored urine healthy hydration typically produces pale yellow urine Decreased urination frequency or volume Fatigue and reduced energy levels often attributed to medication but may reflect dehydration Headaches particularly if new or worsening since starting therapy Dry skin and lips More concerning signs of moderate dehydration warrant prompt medical attention: Dizziness or lightheadedness , especially when standing (orthostatic symptoms) Rapid heartbeat or palpitations Confusion or difficulty concentrating Dry mucous membranes (mouth, eyes) Severe constipation unresponsive to usual measures Muscle cramps or weakness Patients with diabetes should be particularly vigilant, as dehydration can affect blood glucose readings and may contribute to hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) in type 2 diabetes
They mimicked a gut hormone, GLP-1, that modulates insulin, glucagon, and gastric emptying
And it's getting expensive
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A database was searched for cases submitted for postoperative pathologic diagnosis between March 2013 and September 2014
Published January 6, 2026