If the pancreas cant produce enough of them as in chronic pancreatitis or cystic fibrosis fat and protein absorption drops sharply, often leading to bloating, nutrient deficiencies, and greasy stools.14 Small intestine The lining of your small intestine has specialized cells with "brush-border" enzymes (lactase, sucrase, maltase, and isomaltase) that finish breaking sugars into glucose, galactose, and fructose the smallest units your body can absorb.15 When one of these enzymes runs low lactase being the classic example intact sugars can ferment in the colon, causing symptoms like gas, bloating, and cramping.11 As digestion unfolds, your body depends on three primary classes of enzymes to handle the workload: Amylases , which target carbohydrates and starches Proteases , which manage proteins Lipases , which deal with fats Though these form the core groups, each includes various subtypes like salivary or pancreatic amylase for carbs, or lactase and sucrase for certain sugars that collaborate to transform meals into nutrients ready for absorption.15 How do digestive enzyme supplements work
ERGIC, ER-Golgi intermediate compartments
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