glutathione xenobiotic metabolism at the Crossroads of Redox Homeostasis and Glucose in Diabetes Mellitus | Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry Phase II Xenobiotic Metabolism -

10.3233/JAD-170764 357 PalmN

van Eijk et al., 2022)

4) Underexplored therapeutic strategies and model limitations: Preclinical studies have relied heavily on lupus-prone mouse models (e.g., MRL/lpr mice), which may not fully recapitulate human LNs complexity (e.g., genetic heterogeneity, variable disease progression, and response to therapy)

PMID 25327251

Animals were housed at a controlled temperature (23 C) and controlled lightdark cycle (1212 h), with free access to water and food 16,17

The answer isn't that hydroquinone should never be used it's that for the most common Indian skin pigmentation concerns, its risk profile makes alpha arbutin the more appropriate choice