MIL-101 (Fe)@RSL3 NPs deliver iron ions and RSL3 to ccRCC cells, which generate large amounts of ROS through Fenton reactions, leading to the accumulation of LOX, and as GPX4 activity is inhibited by RSL3, this combination induces cell death by ferroptosis (171)
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This link was reported using rat liver (Krebs and Veech, 1969) where a 48-h fast was shown to lead to the chemical reduction of both redox couples (Veech et al., 1969), which was also found following long-term DR in mice, where DR increased the hepatic cytoplasmic [NADPH]/[NADP + ] as inferred from changes in the malate/pyruvate, and reduced the hepatic cytoplasmic [NAD + ]/[NADH] as evidenced from changes in the pyruvate/lactate (Hagopian et al., 2009)
Moreover, these inhibitors mitigate glutamateinduced ROS overproduction and oxidative stress, while modulating the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the subsequent release of proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL1) [338]
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(2019) suggests that minimizing ultra-processed foods, which are engineered to be hyperpalatable and may dysregulate appetite signaling, can reduce food preoccupation over time and lead to spontaneous reduction in calorie intake
