Aug 9 2025;26(16)doi:10.3390/ijms26167703 Castillo LF, Pelletier CM, Heyden KE, Field MS
At genus level, flaxseed oil increased the amounts of 19 bacteria ( Allobaculum , Coriobacteriaceae spp., Parabacteroides , uncultured_bacterium_f_Lachnospiraceae , Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 , etc.) and decreased those of 12 bacteria ( Clostridiales spp., uncultured_bacterium_f_Desulfovibrionaceae , Akkermansia , Romboutsia , Prevotella_9 , etc.)
Inflammatory bowel syndrome, intestinal lymphomas, vomiting or diarrhea are reported to cause problems in cobalamin absorption
vegans and vegetarians typically have lower levels and may benefit most from supplementation
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These versatile tools enable in-depth studies of cellular responses to 1D, 2D or 3D confinement [85, 148, 152, 159, 160], moderate or tight confinement [157, 158, 153,154,155, 160], short- or long-term confinement [153,154,155, 160], and confining pores or channels [148, 159, 153,154,155]