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About this article Cite this article Liu, T., Zhang, X
1997, 25, 335358 (2) Berk M
These changes can persist for years - some even become more pronounced with time
Nutrients absorbed in the intestine and microbial metabolites are collected via the superior and inferior mesenteric veins into the portal vein, entering the liver directly for first-pass metabolism. This unique circulatory pathway positions the liver as the first station for processing gut-derived substances ( The portal venous system carries multiple signaling molecules from the intestine
GIP receptors exist on osteoblasts (bone-building cells) and osteoclasts (bone-resorbing cells)