Severe allergic reaction/anaphylaxis Symptoms may include: Difficulty breathing or swallowing Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat Severe rash, itching, or hives Chest tightness or palpitations
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In the absence of impaired kidney function, an elevated MMA level in conjunction with elevated homocysteine suggests either a vitamin B 12 deficiency or a combined vitamin B 12 and folate deficiency (32)
Additionally, the healthcare professional will choose the right B12 dosage based on the patients present health and nutrition
Additionally, chronic conditions such as HIV and tuberculosis have been implicated in B12 deficiency due to increased metabolic demand and altered absorption mechanisms (Green, 2017)
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