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Hanes, J
Superoxide radical can be generated by specialized enzymes, such as the xanthine or NADPH oxidases, or as a by-product of cellular metabolism, particularly the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and are converted to hydrogen peroxide by the superoxide dismutase (SOD)
The role of autophagy and mitophagy in cancer Autophagy and mitophagy are deeply intertwined with cancer biology, acting as context-dependent regulators that can either suppress tumor initiation or promote tumor survival and progression depending on tumor stage, metabolic state, and microenvironmental stressors
The funder was not involved in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, the writing of this article, or the decision to submit it for publication
The vast majority of these long-term side effects were mild, meaning they interfered somewhat with the patients daily activities and may have required treatment
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