No study citations are provided on the product page to support any of those figures
Gout is a form of arthritis caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints, leading to sudden pain and swelling most often in the big toe
According to the journal article, recent advances in imaging techniques, such as MRI and imaging mass spectrometry, have confirmed that the lens's microcirculation system can deliver solutes to the nucleus faster than passive diffusion alone
Wutzke et Lorenz 2004
Specification carbonated water, acidity regulators (citric acid, trisodium citrate), L-carnitine, taurine, guarana seed extract, magnesium citrate, caffeine, preservatives(sodium benzonate, potassium sorbate), sweetener ( sucralose - 0.08%), clouding agent(Neutral emulsion), natural flavour, colors (beta-carotene, sugar color IV), vitamins (C, H, B1, B3, B5, B6, B9, B12) Ingredients carbonated water, acidity regulators (citric acid, trisodium citrate), L-carnitine, taurine, guarana seed extract, magnesium citrate, caffeine, preservatives(sodium benzonate, potassium sorbate), sweetener ( sucralose - 0.08%), clouding agent(Neutral emulsion), natural flavour, colors (beta-carotene, sugar color IV), vitamins (C, H, B1, B3, B5, B6, B9, B12) General characteristics 500 Volume 500ml orange Flavour orange metal can Package metal can L-carnitine Contains L-carnitine Additional information Bombbar Brand Bombbar Article number 00111535 Provided by YallaMarket

That's thanks to the use of sucralose, which somehow doesn't give the mix the artificial taste typically associated with the sweetener