Molecular oxygen itself cannot easily oxidize another molecule due to its spin restriction (Farr & Kogoma, 1991)
It is about context, goals, and what the body needs at a given moment
NAD also plays significant role in gene expression linked to age-related diseases
In hypoxic epithelial ovarian cancer, as a transcription factor of IGF-1, highly expressed ELF3-mediated secretion of IGF-1 and VEGF promoted endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tumor angiogenesis through activation of the tyrosine kinase pathway, whereas ELF3 silencing attenuated angiogenesis and tumorigenesis in a xenograft mouse model, demonstrating the pro-vascular effect of IGF-1 (39)
N Engl J Med (2015) 373:24846
This disruption promotes fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma through interference with critical processes such as autophagy ( Table 3 )