Chronic oxidative injury modifies membranes, denatures proteins, and induces strand breaks in DNA that can result in cell death or erroneous repair that causes dysfunction
Ozempic, whose active ingredient is semaglutide, was originally designed to help people with type 2 diabetes manage blood sugar levels
Immediate endocrinology referral is warranted for patients with very low testosterone levels accompanied by normal or low LH/FSH, elevated prolactin, or symptoms such as headaches or visual disturbances that might suggest pituitary dysfunction
Multi-targeted mechanism: Simultaneously modulates three hormone pathways, potentially offering broader metabolic benefits (weight, glycemic control, liver fat) compared to dual/mono-agonists
Future research should also address optimal dosing, timing of intervention, and potential synergistic or antagonistic interactions with existing immunosuppressive therapiesareas that remain largely unexplored but could have major implications for clinical practice
Additionally, most of these therapies come with potential side effects and risks, which limits their overall clinical effectiveness
