2.2.4 FSP1 and other emerging regulatory factors Alongside the critical role played by the GPX4 system, the ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1)-coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) pathway independently regulates ferroptosis ( Additionally, recent findings have identified GTP cyclohydrolase-1 (GCH1), dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), and several other factors as ferroptosis regulators, further expanding the ferroptosis network and offering new directions for elucidating ferroptosis in OA ( 2.3 Overview of ferroptosis-associated changes in OA tissues Recent studies have established a strong association between ferroptosis and the pathological features of OA, including cartilage degeneration, subchondral bone remodeling, and synovial inflammation
Biochim Biophys Acta 1985
Glutathione exists in two primary forms: the reduced form (GSH), characterized by a free sulfhydryl group (-SH) on its cysteine residue, and the oxidized form, glutathione disulfide (GSSG), which is formed when two GSH molecules are linked via a disulfide bond between their cysteine residues during redox reactions
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