Complementation of mitochondrial electron transport chain by manipulation of the NAD+/NADH ratio
Three-dimensional magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo imaging (3D MP RAGE)
High resolution respirometry The rate of oxygen consumption in the kidney and liver were measured using the Oroboros O2k system (Oroboros Instruments, Innsbruck, Austria) in animals 24 h after sham or AKI surgeries using a stepwise protocol to evaluate various components of the electron transport system
It comprises three amino acids, which are cysteine, glutamic acid, and glycine
Furthermore, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying antioxidant therapy, the optimal timing for intervention, and the interactions between antioxidants and existing hormonal or anti-inflammatory treatments remain to be elucidated
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