When D1 receptors on MSNs are activated, the protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway is activated, leading to the inhibition of the inhibitory neurons in the GPi
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Critical unresolved issues include identifying the molecular switches that govern the transition of autophagy from an anti- to a pro-ferroptotic state, elucidating subtype-specific differences in crosstalk mechanisms, and clarifying the molecular basis underlying proteins such as COX7A1 to exhibit opposing functions
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In PD cellular and animal models, NAC mitigates oxidative stress damage, reduces neuronal apoptosis and ferroptosis, and improves neuronal function [296]
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