It operates as a potent antioxidant, scavenging free radicals before they can damage cellular components like DNA, proteins, and cell membranes
By acting on brain regions that regulate appetite and reward processing, these medications appear to quiet food-related thoughts, diminish cravings, and help patients regain control over their eating behaviors
Tirzepatide activates both GIP and GLP-1 receptors , producing greater average weight loss in head-to-head comparisons with semaglutide
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Reported laboratory observations include activation of downstream PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK signaling cascades and associated effects on cell proliferation, protein-synthesis pathways, and anti-apoptotic signaling in cultured cells
Pregnancy is another important contraindication weight-loss medications including GLP-1 RAs are not used in pregnancy (intentional weight loss is not recommended for pregnant women, and animal studies with GLP-1 RAs have shown some fetal growth effects)