Milk thistle acts in part by supporting the healthy synthesis of glutathione in the liver
GSH is synthesized in the cytosol through two sequential, ATP-dependent enzymatic reactions 19
AOD 9604 meets the first two criteria clearly
As both IBD and PD have compromised intestinal barrier functions, DJ-1 deficiency promotes cytokine-mediated inflammation (IL-1, IL-6, TNF, and TGFB1) and apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells via a p53-dependent mechanism in vitro , in ex vivo colonic sacs, and in vivo (van IJzendoorn and Derkinderen, 2019
Light and UV Exposure UV light breaks peptide bonds directly and accelerates oxidation of light-sensitive amino acid residues
However, it's important to note that comprehensive human clinical trials remain limited, and most safety and efficacy data comes from animal studies