PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched using keyword combinations related to GLP-1 receptor agonists, dual GLP-1/GIP agonists, and GI adverse events, from the inception of the database up to March 2025
Extensive investigations over the past three decades have shown that GLP-1 and GLP-1RAs exert their metabolic and other beneficial functions far beyond serving as an incretin hormone
Among those with preexisting SUDs, GLP-1s were linked to lower risks of emergency room visits, hospitalizations, mortality, overdose, and suicidal thoughts or attempts
Supplemental fiber, particularly soluble fiber sources, can break this cycle while also supporting healthy eating patterns
Safety monitoring for GLP-1 therapy itself includes: Assessment for gastrointestinal adverse effects, which are common but usually transient Monitoring for signs of pancreatitis (severe, persistent abdominal pain) Vigilance for symptoms suggesting thyroid masses (neck lump, difficulty swallowing, persistent hoarseness) Regular review of glycaemic control in diabetic patients Blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factor assessment Monitoring for gallbladder disease (right upper abdominal pain, fever, jaundice) Eye examinations for people with diabetes, particularly those with pre-existing diabetic retinopathy Renal function checks, especially if experiencing severe gastrointestinal symptoms that could lead to dehydration If you have diabetes and take insulin or sulfonylureas, your doctor may reduce these doses when starting GLP-1 therapy to prevent hypoglycaemia
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