While many debate whether to take Vitamin B12 on an empty stomach or with food, technically speaking, its absorption would be best when taken on an empty stomach, which means, half an hour before a meal or 2 hours after having eaten
While each has been studied independently with promising preclinical results, the combination has attracted significant research interest due to their complementary mechanisms of action
A research paper published in 1997 found that epithalon treatment decreased the size of tumors in test subjects with ovarian, uterine, and cervical cancer while helping to restore cellular immunity [14]
Circadian and pineal research: Studying peptide-linked signaling related to pineal-derived peptides
Neuropsychopharmacology 1996;15:45664
This means that any claims about its benefits for treating musculoskeletal injuries are not backed by the robust evidence required for FDA approval