According to the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, functional B12 deficiency is most commonly seen in patients with one or more of the following: Age over 50 stomach acid production declines with age, and stomach acid is required to free B12 from food PPI or H2 blocker use reflux medications suppress the acid needed for B12 absorption Metformin use, which interferes with B12 absorption directly Vegan or vegetarian diets B12 is found almost exclusively in animal products Gut conditions including celiac, IBS, SIBO, and Crohns MTHFR mutations that affect how B12 is metabolized once absorbed Heavy alcohol use The symptoms of low B12 are easy to dismiss: fatigue, brain fog, low mood, tingling in the hands or feet, weakness, and shortness of breath on mild exertion
Neurological recovery may take 612 months, and some deficits may be permanent if treatment is delayed
10.1016/S2666-7568(20)30033-7 18 BravardA.GrardC.DefoisC.BenoitB.MakkiK.MeugnierE.et al (2021)
higher doses (3,000 mg/day) show greater efficacy[1][17] Minimum 24 weeks
IV Vitamin Therapy for Peri-Operative Healing Even when performed by the best, any surgery is taxing on the body and triggers a widespread stress response in the body
The immune response to Prevotella bacteria in chronic inflammatory disease